Globalisation and Travel (Steven's)

Reference

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalization

http://www.stats.gov.cn

Http://www.bbc.co.uk/travelnews

Globalisation & Communication -- Kevin

Reference:

Thomas L. McPhail (2002) Global Communication: Theories, Stakeholders, and Trends



http://www.communicationtoolbox.com/communication-definition.html


http://www.cengagebrain.com/shop/content/littlejohn95877_0495095877_02.01_chapter01.pdf


http://southernlibrarianship.icaap.org/content/v06n01/ogunsola_l01.htm

Globalization and Politics

Reference
http://www.swansea.ac.uk/politics/UndergraduateStudy/UndergraduateModules/UnderstandingGlobalPolitics/
https://docs.google.com/?authuser=0#
out line
relationship between globalization and politics

how the globalization influence the politics

conclusion

John's Presentation ---- (Culture&Globalization)

Outline

Chapter 1 What is culture (positive points)
1.1 Language and globalization
1.2 Food and globalization
1.3 Music and globalization

Chapter 2 Culture and Globalization (negative points)
2.1 Cultural Imperialism
2.2 Globalization Threaten Cultural Diversity

Chapter 3 Conclusion

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Language and Globalization


Language, the Carrier of Culture.



Globalization through translation (English is a beneficiary of globalization)



Convenience (business , tourism, etc.)










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Food and Globalization

Food is a cultural heritage!

Embrace globalization!

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Music and globalization

Music is the universal
language of mankind!

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Cultural Imperialism




Global culture does not exert superficial impacts alone,
they also shape people’s consciousness and lifestyle.



More important than political or military
control in the postmodern, post-socialist, postindustrial world.

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Cultural Diversity



Does globalization threaten cultural diversity ?

• Destroy indigenous culture

• Culture becomes more homogeneous

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Conclusion









Keeping and creating local culture!

Embrace globalization



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Reference：

1. http://www.nber.org/feldstein/fa1197.html
2. http://edu.prinews.net/2010/08/language-translation-made-easy-through-globalization/
3. http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-09/vt-ico091002.php
4. http://www.organicconsumers.org/corplink.cfm

NURTURE AFFECT NATURE (CROAL--NIAN LIU)

For new-born infants, nature occupy to bigger percentage in their growth, because nature give them many abilities making us startle. For example, they can find sound source and distinguish their differences among some similar sound (Aslin, 1993; Atkinson, 1999). Evenly, you need not tell them who are you, they can distinguish who are their parents or detect differences between their parents' voice and other people, because some babies will cry when strange people take them or they ^ in a strange environment. Effective influence and education is also a necessary part which should not be overlooked in people's growth. For example, some bad habits or characters on the children who grow up in the personality of a great relationship, children will affect the healthy growth of children; on the other hand, if children live with excellent people, children will good for babies who are good at imitating growing child and teaching them to become excellent. That is this is what we know nurture will change nature for infant.Some people think the congenital impacts will be greater for the growth of babies in their future, such as intelligence. They think that the level of children's intelligence have many factors, but congenital influence will be greater; and through other change to effect children growth, for example, continue education after the birth and effect from environment, they will to change and to nurture talent, but this change would be more difficult. Therefore, researchers and some parents are trying to change the relationship between use of some outside influence in a child's birth or education, such as prenatal education. In modern society, prenatal education is becoming increasingly popular and important, it use some tool from outside to create a comfortable environment to living and growing during pregnancy, such as listen to music, tell story, and other simple practice which benefit and easy to pregnant women. These necessary tools from outside make the child was born intelligent, personality stability, conducive to their intelligence, personality, emotions, ability and other aspects of development, and after the birth of life on the road of development.
But we have to ignore nurtured bringing to us massive influences, such as family and social environment. An outcome from a report about the effect of the family environment for child’s language abilities, especially for the middle-class Chinese American.(1983) This report shows what children will get different influence in various families environment, for example, some children good at reading and writing, and their theses abilities better than other children growing in the foreign families. Some people think nature is more important than environment for children growth, other people hold ^ opposite opinion, I think both of all important for children, we cannot ignore anyone. For people, we need to use nurture effect to improve children basic of congenital. For example, prenatal education is a great instance to explain that the effect of nature bring to foetus and infant. And another hand, nurtured environment in the same important stage.



Reference:
1.Yao, Esther Lee, 1983, , online
http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED269515&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED269515
2.Atkinson，1999， as cited in Aslin， 1983

Nurture influence

Environment of nurture is the essential affect on the development of the newborn’s personality and abilities. [Is this a topic sentence.]

Generally, parents do not pay enough attention to which part of infant’s life they can give more influence to develop [Can you support this?]. However, a lot of philosophers and researchers have tried to identify it and have compared the nature and nurture aspects and then ^ which of them plays an important role of early human growing.

In the present essay I will first look at the environmental position of nature in early human life before turning to nurture facts with providing evidences of them and then I will explain my own opinion about above said topic. 
 [Make these 3 paragraphs one.]

The less unchangeable stage in the learning of motors skills is nature. However, the personal characteristics, sex of fetus and the colour of skin, eyes and hair are determined by the genetic structure. Also, the maturational process plays the most important role in the fetus existence. For example, the reaction of fetus, which expressed by kicking and turning are demonstration of the mother’s feelings, emotions and behavior at that time. Apparently, the bed habits, such as, smoking, consumption of drugs and alcohol in the period of maturation are a number of reason which can damage normal maturation. Moreover, the factors of illness or bed heredity provide unhappy and difficult future because the fetus might get innate health problems which are not amenable to treatment. Accordingly, parent need to keep herself healthy and with stable mood. [Is this talking about nature or nurture.]

The newborn has to face to with a new stage in his life, which in order has a lot of barriers due to a nurture environment. Infants are born with a basic platform which they able to improve while grow. It ^ well known, that they have innate abilities, such as, hearing a loud noises, turn a heads towards the sound and to distinguish a taste and smells which give a chance to newborns to adapt in nurture area and be survival [ref?]. Obviously, these are not enough for whole life of child. Consequently, parents should effect on their children growing by learning and important experience play. According to the read article the early practices and extra stimulations can improve and accelerate the physical motors and reflections. For instance, “a group of infants, who were being trained to do steps during first two months, began walking earlier than babies, who had not this experience. Due to a general speech practice, human infants talk earlier comparatively to others who did not get that attention” [Paraphrase this] (Zelazo, Zelazo&Kolb, 1972).

By following fact I want to focus on statement, which say that social environment is key activity for ^ development of individuals, with ^ own supporting idea. I am not going to debate with this viewpoint; in contrast, I will explain argument in evidence. To support an idea that personal behavior and individualism are built by environment and learning I can show the John B. Watson’s argument, which suggested “to take a dozen healthy infants and teach them to be anything he/she selects – doctors, lawyers, artists, beggars or thief” (Watson, 1930, p.82). I agree with this extract because parents, in reality, have enough possibility and power to change their child personality, values and beliefs. The newborn infants ^ like an empty container which they can fill in during childhood by sensible upbringing. In fact, varieties of facts which are able to change and correct the attitude of human are family’s culture, religion orientation, education and economic status.

To sum up, although, capacities of the newborn infants to be survival, which nature gave them, the nurture makes the most valuable impact on the early humanity. Parents as a tool of endowments can make serious influence on the flexible nature of their children because it is the main step of lifestyle of baby when we can work with. [unclear final sentence]

Bibliographical reference:

Zelazo, Zelazo & Kolb, 1972; Kuhl et al, 1992; Eimas, 1975;

Reading & writing source book, Early human development, p.12

Nature and nurture（John）

The debate these days draws our attention about whether nature or nurture which one play more important role in our human life. It is indisputable that both of nature and nurture are two significant factors and influence our growth. Most supporters of the nurture theory hold a conventional wisdom that family and cultural environment determined our behaviors and personality traits, and not genetically determined. Whereas, from my point of view, I inclined to agree that nature has an immense impact on determining personal character and the makeup of a person.

There is an old saying in China is certainly true that “It's easier to move a mountain than change a man's character!” In my eyes, a person who was born with his nurture might affect his personality to transfer or to be strengthen, but ultimately his genes still have a significant impact on how his lifelong living and thinking style.

Scientists had made a great many of experiments to research the twins. The studies of the twins that were reared apart and of uniform abilities, interest, and personalities illustrate that genes and nature has a huge impact on a person and what it means to be human. In Megan Rolerkite’s essay, he found that “The Bruce and Brian case is a good example that proves that gender identity isn’t an effect of nurturing, that a child is born with ties to a specific gender. The correlations in the IQ scores of the twins demonstrate that nature has a larger effect than nurture on intelligence. The twins that were separated early in childhood had surprisingly high IQ correlations”.

Moreover, just taking one’s Interest as an instance, It’s the universally acknowledged that interest is the best teacher in our life, and we all know that interest in a large extent depends on the person's innate factors, so the development of their own congenital genes play a significant role. Furthermore, in my eyes, congenital genes determine our personality, just like a proverb said that “Fools grow without watering”. I believe that any top-level talent, such as those well-known famous people like the artists, scientists, military strategists, politicians and of world champions including various sports etc. are genetically determined. So a person's IQ and outstanding aptitude are mainly belong to genes, education cannot make an ordinary people become genius.

I think education can only make ordinary people become more professional and skillful, and can foster a person's emotional intelligence, it can set or change a person's values, build a person's knowledge structure. But to the vast majority of ordinary people, all kinds of innate ability differences are not exit many gaps, mainly working with the nurture and education. In brief, the genes producing genius, talent is just an outcome of education.

All in all, although it is generally accepted that nurture is much more vital than nature, I still believe that internal factors that determine our external factors. It goes without saying that congenital conditions determine a person’s intelligence and shape his image-building, which affects all his life.
Reference:
Megan Rolerkite
http://web.pdx.edu/~megr/inquiry_naturevsnurture.htm